Ovarian Cancer Tumor Markers Table

α fetoprotein and human β chorionic gonadotrophin are probably the best known tumor markers in clinical practice and are invaluable in the diagnosis treatment and follow up of ovarian germ cell tumors.

Ovarian cancer tumor markers table. The use of the cancer antigen 125 ca125 tumour marker can be unreliable in premenopausal women given the low sensitivity for ovarian cancer. A detailed discussion of tumor markers in ovarian germ cell tumors is beyond the scope of this review and is outlined in table 5. A tumor marker is a substance that is produced by a cancer or by the body itself because cancer is present. Examples of commonly used circulating tumor markers include calcitonin measured in blood which is used to assess treatment response screen for recurrence and estimate prognosis in medullary thyroid cancer.

Ca125 is used in conjunction with ultrasound findings and is used to determine risk of ovarian cancer through the risk of malignancy index rmi. It was first identified in the early 1980s and the function of the ca 125 protein is not currently understood. Early stage ovarian cancer in which the disease is confined to the ovary is more likely to be treated successfully. For example a cancer antigen ca 125 test can detect a protein that s often found on the surface of ovarian cancer cells.

Surgery and chemotherapy are generally used to treat ovarian cancer. Tumor markers are commonly used in cancer care to monitor treatment response or for recurrence of cancer but they must be part of a bigger picture including physical exam patient symptoms and radiology studies. However it is useful in postmenopausal women. Epithelial including the most common cell type serous ovarian cancer but also the less common mucinous and low malignant potential tumors sex cord stromal tumors germ cell tumors and metastatic tumors.

These tests can t tell your doctor whether you have cancer but may give clues about your diagnosis and prognosis. Ca 125 measured in blood to monitor how well cancer treatments are working and if cancer has come back in ovarian cancer. Ca 125 is a protein that is a so called tumor marker or biomarker which is a substance that is found in greater concentration in tumor cells than in other cells of the body. Serum ca125 assay has low sensitivity in the early stages and can be increased in certain conditions.

Our study aims to give an update on the biological markers for diagnosing ovarian cancer specifically he4 ca 125 rmi and roma algorithms. And beta 2 microglobulin measured in blood urine or cerebrospinal fluid to estimate prognosis and follow response to treatment for multiple myeloma. Table 1 summarizes which tumor markers should be considered based on the clinical. Ovarian cancer is the 5th leading cause of death for women with cancer worldwide.

In more than 70 of cases it is only diagnosed at an advanced stage. Ovarian cancer often goes undetected until it has spread within the pelvis and abdomen. At this late stage ovarian cancer is more difficult to treat. In particular ca 125 is present in greater concentration in ovarian cancer cells than in other cells.